Macro Virus
A Macro Virus is a virus that adds its code to the macros embedded within documents, spreadsheets, and other data files. The first macro virus appeared in July of 1995 infecting …
Memory-Resident Virus
A Memory-Resident Virus is a virus that is located in the memory of a computer, even after the ‘host’ application or program has stopped running (been terminated). Non-Memory-Resident Viruses are …
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Random Access Memory (RAM) is a machine’s short-term memory. RAM is fundamental to computer processing, being a super-fast and temporary data storage space that a computer needs to access right …
Learning Management System (LMS)
A Learning Management System (LMS) is a solution used by organizations to deploy and track online training initiatives. Typically assets, such as Training Assignments, Policies, or Surveys are uploaded to …
Linux
Linux is an open-source operating system (OS) that manages a system’s hardware resources including memory and storage. The OS rests between applications and hardware making connections between all of your …
Lateral Movement
Lateral Movement is the technique that hackers use after gaining initial access to machines or networks. Hackers use this strategy to move deeper into a network in search of sensitive …
Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance in cybersecurity refers to the preliminary step of a cyberattack, where a hacker is ‘scouting’ the target system. The terminology comes from military language, referring to a mission into …
Secure Web Gateway (SWG)
A Secure Web Gateway (SWG) is a tool that shields users from web-based threats as well as applying and enforcing business use policies. Instead of connecting directly to a website, …
Single Sign-On (SSO)
Single Sign-On (SSO) is an authentication method that enables users to securely authenticate with multiple applications and websites by using just one set of credentials. SSO works based on relationships …
vCISO
A vCISO (virtual Chief Information Security Officer), provides cybersecurity leadership to businesses virtually at a fraction of the cost if hiring them full-time. By hiring a third-party provider to manage …
PDF (Portable Document Format)
A PDF (Portable Document Format) is a file format designed to present documents consistently across multiple devices and platforms. Since developed by Adobe 1992, it’s become one of the most …
Malicious URL
A Malicious URL is a link created with the purpose of promoting scams, attacks, and fraud. By clicking on an infected URL, you may download malware or a trojan that …
SSAE Compliance
SSAE Compliance, also known as Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements and Compliance, is a collection of auditing standards and guidance using standards published by the Auditing Standards Board (ASB) …
All-Source Analysis
All-Source Analysis is the analysis of threat information from multiple sources, disciplines, and agencies across the Intelligence Community. Analysts use this strategy to synthesize and group intelligence data gathered to …
Wi-Fi 6E
Wi-Fi 6E is a new extension to the Wi-Fi 6 standard ratified unanimously by the FCC in April of 2020 which opens up unused spectrum in the 6 GHz band. …
SOC 3
SOC 3 isn’t an of upgrade over the SOC 2 report. It may have some of the components of SOC 2; still, it is entirely a different ball game. SOC …
SOC 1
Systems and Organizational Controls (SOC) is an auditing standard that has its roots in financial systems and auditing. SOC audits come in three (3) flavors with SOC Type 1 being …
SOC 2
SOC 2 is the most commonly achieved audit report of the three SOC audit types. SOC 2 audits are quite common when working with service providers. It’s common for people …
Cyber Insurance
Cyber Insurance is a form of insurance for businesses and individuals against Internet-based threats. Many high profile data breaches have prompted insurance companies to offer cyber insurance policies to protect …
Digital Content Management (DCM)
Digital Content Management (DCM) is the process for collection, delivery, retrieval, governance and overall management of information in any digital format. The term is generally used in reference to administration …
Cyberwarfare
Nation states have taken heavily to cyberwarfare over the past 20 years. Some flex their muscles openly such as when Russia invaded Georgia a few years back and took out their critical infrastructure through Cyberwarfare before they rolled their tanks in. Others do so more stealthily with false flags and more. The only certainty is you must protect yourself, because no-one else will or can. Learn how at CyberHoot.
Application Programming Interface (API)
An Application Programming Interface (API) is a set of definitions and protocols for building and integrating application software. APIs let your product communicate with other products and services without having …
Tor Browser
The Tor Browser is a web browser designed for anonymous web browsing and protection against traffic capture, providing some level of privacy protection for individuals who us it. The Tor …
Digital Rights Management (DRM)
Digital Rights Management (DRM) are measures taken to protect digital media copyrights. DRM tries to prevent unauthorized redistribution of digital media and places restrictions on the ways consumers can copy …
Data Spill
A Data Spill, or Data Leak, is the accidental or deliberate exposure of information into an unauthorized environment. Data spillage is often the result of hackers breaking into company networks …
Paste
A Paste is information that has been “pasted” to a public facing website designed to share content such as Pastebin. These public forums are frequently used by hackers for their …
Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) is a technology that manages and prioritizes certain types of data traffic on a network with the goal of reducing packet loss, latency and jitters for …
Network Behavior Analysis (NBA)
Network Behavior Analysis (NBA), also known as “Behavior Monitoring” is the collection and analysis of internal network data to identify malicious or unusual activity. Behavioral monitoring tools analyze information from …
Bandwidth
Bandwidth is foundational to any company’s Internet presence and function. Having enough bandwidth and reliable connectivity to the Internet can ensure smooth operations. This article gives a high level overview of your Bandwidth needs, planning considerations, and troubleshooting tools.
Blended Threat
A Blended Threat is a computer network attack that seeks to maximize the severity of damage and speed of contagion by combining methods—for example, using characteristics of both viruses and …
Metadata
Metadata is information that describes the characteristics of specific data file or data set. For example, photos often embed metadata within the photo file itself. Photo metadata includes things like …
Data Normalization
Data Normalization is a process of reorganizing information in a database to meet two requirements: data is only stored in one place (reducing the data) and all related data items …
Catfishing
Catfishing is a common technique used on social media sites to attack victims through fake personalities and accounts. This technique is also used on dating sites, playing on people’s emotions, …
Identity Theft
Identity Theft is when a hacker uses your personal identifying information and pretends to be you in order to commit fraud or to gain other financial benefits. Thieves look to …
Data Aggregation
The world of big data swirls around all of us online today. Data Aggregation (DA) is how big data is analyses for meaningful relationships and then converted into actionable intelligence. Learn more at CyberHoot.
Threat Actor
A Threat Actor is a person or group performing malicious or hostile actions which cause harm to the victims computers, devices, systems, or networks. Threat Actors are categorized into groups …
JavaScript
JavaScript is a programming language developed by Netscape commonly used in web development; used to add dynamic and interactive elements to web pages. The coding language is a “client-side” language …
Cyberspace
Cyberspace is the complex environment of interdependent networks of IT infrastructures including the public Internet, various private “Internets” such as Internet2 or the US military’s Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNet), telecommunications …
JBOH (JavaScript-Binding-Over-HTTP)
JBOH (JavaScript-Binding-Over-HTTP) is a mobile device attack that enables an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a previously compromised device. These attacks are known to be deployed through malicious JBOH …
Situational Awareness
Situational awareness is knowledge combined with attitudes and behaviors that work to protect our IT assets. Being aware in cybersecurity means you understand what the threats you face are and …
Cryptanalysis
Cryptanalysis is the decryption and analysis of codes, ciphers or encrypted text. Cryptanalysis uses mathematical formulas to search for algorithm vulnerabilities, attempting to break into a cryptographic system. The goal …
Bloatware
Bloatware is software that comes pre-installed with the purchase of a new computer or device. Many vendors include dozens of “utilities” and sometimes even “3rd Party software solutions” which add …
Trialware
Trialware is software that can be used for a short period of time before it expires. In order to keep using the software, the user must purchase an authentication key …
Piggybacking
Piggybacking is a form of cyber attack where a hacker(s) gain access to an unauthorized network, computing resource, or even a physical building. They do this by leveraging an insecure …
Adware
Adware makes the Internet go round. However, excessive adware and madware (mobile adware) can lead to productivity damage or worse, malware. Learn all about adware and how to avoid it at CyberHoot.
Disinformation
Disinformation is closely aligned to social engineering. When combined the two can have very believable and devastating consequences. Develop a healthy skepticism towards online content. To avoid being taken advantage of, seek to validate sources, facts, and authors.
Cookie
A Cookie, or web cookie, is a small data file used by computers to track website communications and sessions. When you visit a website, it sends a cookie to your …
Recovery Point Objective (RPO)
A Recovery Point Objective (RPO) is the maximum amount of data that your company is willing to lose in a disaster. Most businesses backup their data at specific intervals (hourly, …
Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
A Recovery Time Objective (RTO) is a metric used to measure how fast you can recover your IT infrastructure and services following an incident or outage (business continuity). RTO is …
reCAPTCHA
reCAPTCHA is a (presently) free security tool from Google which helps separate automated Bots from real humans wanting to interact with your website whether to purchase, query, complete a form. or register for something. Enabling reCAPTCHA can greatly reduce nuisances in your website from hackers and provide SMBs peace-of-mind.
